Parents’ Spirituality, Parenting Practices and Disruptive Behaviour Disorders among Pakistani Children
Parents’ Spirituality and Parenting Practices and DBD among Children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v4i09.1004Keywords:
Parents, Spirituality, Parenting Practices, Disruptive Behaviour DisordersAbstract
This study looked at the relationship between parent’s spirituality, parenting practices and the growth of Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD) in Children. Objectives: To assess the relationship between Parents’ Spirituality, Parenting Practices and Disruptive Behavior Disorder. To find out gender differences on parents ‘spirituality scale and DBD rating Scale. Methods: 500 Pakistani children aged 7 to 11 who were subjected to standardized screening procedures for disruptive behaviour disorders made up the sample. The sample was collected from Islamabad and Rawalpindi public and private schools. Using the Spirituality Scale, the spirituality of the parents was assessed. Parenting styles based on self-report and disruptive behaviours based on parent/teacher reports were the outcome variables. Results: The study's results revealed a noteworthy positive association between DBD and parenting practices while a significant negative association was found between parents' spirituality and their parenting practices which indicates that parents who exhibit a heightened level of spirituality are less likely to use ineffective parenting practices resulting in better management of disruptive behavior problems among their children. Children in private schools have less behavioral issues than those in public schools. Additional research shows that boys are more likely than girls to have DBD. Conclusions: Disruptive behavior disorders are linked to the spirituality of the parents as well as the parenting styles they use to discipline their kids. The study's targeted constructs may help in the early detection, prevention, and management of disruptive behavior disorders.
References
Zilanawala A, Sacker A, Kelly Y. Internalizing and externalizing behaviour profiles across childhood: The consequences of changes in the family environment. Social Science & Medicine. 2019 Apr; 226: 207-16. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.02.048. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.02.048
Hosokawa R and Katsura T. Role of parenting style in children’s behavioral problems through the transition from preschool to elementary school according to gender in Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019 Jan; 16(1): 21. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16010021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16010021
Madhlopa Y, Qin J, Chen C. The relationships between child maltreatment and child behavior problems. Comparative study of Malawi and China. Children and Youth Services Review. 2020 Dec; 119: 105533. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105533. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105533
Özgür H. The relationship between Internet parenting styles and Internet usage of children and adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior. 2016 Jul; 60: 411-24. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.02.081. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.02.081
Dempster R, Wildman B, Keating A. The role of stigma in parental help-seeking for child behavior problems. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology. 2013 Jan; 42(1): 56-67. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2012.700504. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2012.700504
Fujiwara T, Kato N, Sanders MR. Effectiveness of Group Positive Parenting Program (Triple P) in changing child behavior, parenting style, and parental adjustment: An intervention study in Japan. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 2011 Dec; 20: 804-13. doi: 10.1007/s10826-011-9448-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-011-9448-1
Rinaldi CM and Howe N. Mothers’ and fathers’ parenting styles and associations with toddlers’ externalizing, internalizing, and adaptive behaviors. Early Childhood Research Quarterly. 2012 Apr; 27(2): 266-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.08.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.08.001
Sulik MJ, Blair C, Mills‐Koonce R, Berry D, Greenberg M, Family Life Project Investigators, et al. Early parenting and the development of externalizing behavior problems: Longitudinal mediation through children's executive function. Child Development. 2015 Sep; 86(5): 1588-603. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12386. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12386
van Dijk R, Deković M, Bunte TL, Schoemaker K, Zondervan-Zwijnenburg M, Espy KA, et al. Mother-child interactions and externalizing behavior problems in preschoolers over time: Inhibitory control as a mediator. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 2017 Nov; 45: 1503-17. doi: 10.1007/s10802-016-0258-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-016-0258-1
Weingold R. Family dynamics: A systematic investigation of parenting styles, parent and peer attachment, locus of control, and social behaviors. Seton Hall University; 2011.
Swick KJ and Williams RD. An analysis of Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological perspective for early childhood educators: Implications for working with families experiencing stress. Early Childhood Education Journal. 2006 Apr; 33: 371-8. doi: 10.1007/s10643-006-0078-y. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-006-0078-y
Elgendy SH. A transactional model of Parenting Practices and Children's Aggressive behavior in Neighborhood Context. Fordham University; 2010.
Durmusoglu Saltali N and İmir HM. Parenting Styles as a Predictor of the Preschool Children's Social Behaviours. Participatory Educational Research. 2018 Dec; 5(2): 18-37. doi: 10.17275/per.18.10.5.2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17275/per.18.10.5.2
Petro MR, Rich EG, Erasmus C, Roman NV. The effect of religion on parenting in order to guide parents in the way they parent: A systematic review. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health. 2018 Apr; 20(2): 114-39. doi: 10.1080/19349637.2017.1341823. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19349637.2017.1341823
Williams PD, Hunter WM, Seyer E, Sammut S, Breuninger MM. Religious/spiritual struggles and perceived parenting style in a religious college-aged sample. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 2019 May; 22(5): 500-16. doi: 10.1080/13674676.2019.1629402. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2019.1629402
Krok D. Examining the role of religion in a family setting: religious attitudes and quality of life among parents and their adolescent children. Journal of Family Studies. 2018 Sep; 24(3): 203-18. doi: 10.1080/13229400.2016.1176589. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2016.1176589
Li H, Subrahmanyam K, Bai X, Xie X, Liu T. Viewing fantastical events versus touching fantastical events: Short‐term effects on children's inhibitory control. Child Development. 2018 Jan; 89(1): 48-57. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12820. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12820
Kim J, McCullough ME, Cicchetti D. Parents’ and children’s religiosity and child behavioral adjustment among maltreated and non-maltreated children. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 2009 Oct; 18: 594-605. doi: 10.1007/s10826-009-9262-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-009-9262-1
Arnold DS, O'leary SG, Wolff LS, Acker MM. The Parenting Scale: a measure of dysfunctional parenting in discipline situations. Psychological Assessment. 1993 Jun; 5(2): 137. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.137
Delaney C. The spirituality scale: Development and psychometric testing of a holistic instrument to assess the human spiritual dimension. Journal of Holistic Nursing. 2005 Jun; 23(2): 145-67. doi: 10.1177/0898010105276180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0898010105276180
Loona MI and Kamal A. Translation and adaptation of disruptive behaviour disorder rating scale. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research. 2011 Dec; 26(2): 149-65. doi: 10.1037/t42647-000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/t42647-000
Araban M, Montazeri A, Stein LA, Karimy M, Mehrizi AA. Prevalence and factors associated with disruptive behavior among Iranian students during 2015: A cross-sectional study. Italian Journal of Pediatrics. 2020 Dec; 46(1): 1-7. doi: 10.1186/s13052-020-00848-x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-020-00848-x
Mushtaq A, Sabih F, Tariq PN. Prevalence of Oppositions Defiant Disorder (Odd) in School Children. Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society. 2015 Apr; 12(2): 22-5.
Dong Z, Zhou S, Case AS, Zhou W. The Relationship between Perceived Parenting Style and Social Anxiety: A Meta-analysis of Mainland Chinese Students. Child Psychiatry & Human Development. 2022 Jul: 1-5. doi: 10.1007/s10578-022-01399-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-022-01399-4
Harvey E, Stoessel B, Herbert S. Psychopathology and parenting practices of parents of preschool children with behavior problems. Parenting. 2011 Oct; 11(4): 239-63. doi: 10.1080/15295192.2011.613722. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2011.613722
Ashraf MU, Fatiana YA, Khan SW, Asif M, Ashraf A. Aggressive Behavior: Revisiting the Influence of Parenting Styles and Religious Commitment among Youth (A Study of South Punjab Pakistan). Psychology and Education. 2020 Nov; 57(9): 7056-67. doi: 10.17762/pae.v57i9.4386. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v57i9.4386
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and all the published articles / items are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For comments