Study of Anatomical Divergences in Facial Artery Endings: Divergence in Facial Artery Endings

Atif Hussain; Humaira Imtiaz; Sara Jadoon; Sumaira Javed; Munila Shabnum Khattak; Robina Shaheen

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v5i04.1380

Authors

Atif Hussain Department of Anatomy, Women Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Humaira Imtiaz Department of Anatomy, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Sara Jadoon Department of Anatomy, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Sumaira Javed Department of Anatomy, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Munila Shabnum Khattak Department of Anatomy, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Robina Shaheen Department of Anatomy, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v5i04.1380

Keywords:

Facial Artery, Anatomical Variations, Angiographic Images, Local Population

Abstract

Facial artery supplies musculocutaneous tissue, visceral organs, and salivary glands at the upper cervical and facial level. This artery has wide range of anatomical variations in its course. Objective: To find the anatomical divergences in facial artery endings. Methods: It is a cross sectional study conducted at Jinnah international hospital, Abbottabad from January 2023 to July 2023 for duration of 6 months after taking approval from the ethical review committee. A group of 86 people were selected and anatomical course of facial artery was categorized in to four types. Angiographic images of each participant were evaluated by radiologist to categorize the course of facial artery. Results: The average Body Mass Index (BMI) of the participants was 28.3 ± 5.6. The study of angiographic images has concluded that 38.37% (n=33) has Type I course of facial artery, 47.67% (n=41) participants has Type II, 9.3% (n=8) participants has Type III and 4.65% (n=4) has Type IV category (p=0.01. Of the type I category of facial artery, 5 (15.2%) participants met the criteria of type IA, 7(21.2%) has Type IB and 21(63.6%) participants Type IC course of facial artery (p=0.01). Conclusions: This study has concluded that there exists vast variation in the anatomical course of facial artery in local population that streamlines with other studies conducted internationally. Facial artery with a nasal branch with or without alar endings is the most common anatomical variation.

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