Incidence And Their Associated Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases Among Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Population: Incidence and associated factors of non-communicable diseases

Zia ul Ain  Sabiha; Arshad Hussain  Hashmi; Arooj  Irfan; Irfan  Ullah; Rehana  Rasool; Ghazala  Rasool; Tayyaba  Zia; Sudhair  Abbas Bangash; Irfan  Ullah

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v3i03.67

Authors

Zia ul Ain Sabiha Department of Community Medicine, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar. (Affiliated with Riphah International University, Islamabad. Pakistan)
Arshad Hussain Hashmi Director ORIC-Virtual University of Pakistan Lahore
Arooj Irfan Department of Community Dentistry, Peshawar Medical and Dental College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Irfan Ullah Medical Superintendent, Medical Emergency Resilience Foundation (MERF) Organization, Pakistan
Rehana Rasool Department of Community Medicine, Abbottabad International Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Ghazala Rasool Department of Medicine, Northern Border University Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Tayyaba Zia Department of Public Management, School of Humanities and Law, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
Sudhair Abbas Bangash Faculty of Life Science, Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
Irfan Ullah Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v3i03.67

Keywords:

Non-communicable disease, Risk factors, Cholesterol level, Pakistan

Abstract

World Health Organization proposes implementing the WHO STEP smart strategy for tracking, to continuously monitoring noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and associated risk factors (STEPS). Objective: To analyze the prevalence and contributing factors of NCD risk factors in Pakistan, a country with a low income where NCDs are responsible for 66 percent (or two-thirds) of fatalities annually. Methods: Total 675 eligible participants, ages 15 to 60, were selected by a multistage sampling approach from February 2020 and May 2021 for STEPS survey (version of instrument 3.2). Assessment of behavioral and physiological risk variables was part of the data collection process. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. Results: Intake of lesser than five portions of vegetables and fruits every day may be the greatest common risk factor. Of all participants, 341 (50.51%) were smoking currently, 513 (76%) were not physically active. A total of 251 (37.18%) individuals have elevated blood pressure whilst 245 (36.29%) individuals are affected by sugar. The cholesterol level is high in 215 (31.85%) participants out of 675. Each individual had an average of two risk factors for NCDs (2.04, 95percent [Confidence interval]: 2.02-2.08). Conclusions: Numerous risk factors for NCDs are present in a significant section of the Pakistani community. With the help of a multi-sectoral national coordination system, this observed data must be employed to promote and track specific NCD management and prevention programs for cities across Pakistan.

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