Pharmacotherapy in Cardiovascular Disease with Chronic Kidney Disease Medications: A Comprehensive Literature: Cardiovascular Disease with Chronic Kidney Disease

Maryam  Azhar; Muneeb  Zafar; Ali  Irtaza; Madiha  Asad; Sajal  Kim; Manam  Walait; Huda Rehman  Mir; Salman  Walyat

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v4i09.1021

Authors

Maryam Azhar Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Muneeb Zafar Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Ali Irtaza Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Madiha Asad Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Sajal Kim Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Manam Walait Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Huda Rehman Mir Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Salman Walyat Rashid Latif Khan University Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v4i09.1021

Keywords:

Chronic Kidney Disease, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Disease, Glomerular Filtration Rate

Abstract

A progressive decrease of renal function is a symptom of chronic kidney disease, commonly known as chronic kidney failure. The body may accumulate hazardous amounts of fluid, electrolytes, and wastes if the patient has advanced chronic kidney disease. There are several causative factors which lead to CKD which include high or low blood pressure, more accumulation of cholesterol, diabetes and many more. According to WHO global health statistics in 2012, 864,226 mortalities (or 15% of all deaths worldwide) were attributed to this illness. CKD was categorized 14^th on the index of principal causes of death, having 122 mortalities per 100,000 persons. Most of the causes of deaths were due to sudden cardiac arrests in CKD patients. In this review, we made a list of 10 FDA approved medications which has proven to decrease CKD and fatalities caused by cardiac arrests. SGLT-2 inhibitors have shown promising results in manipulating kidney functions to improve the efficiency of heart.

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