Campesterol: A Natural Phytochemical with Anti Inflammatory Properties as Potential Therapeutic Agent for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review: Campesterol: A Natural Phytochemical

Sarwat  Nazir; Waqas Ashraf  Chaudhary; Aishha  Mobashar; Irfan  Anjum; Saleha  Hameed; Sana  Azhar

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v4i05.792

Authors

Sarwat Nazir Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Waqas Ashraf Chaudhary School of Biological Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, England
Aishha Mobashar Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Irfan Anjum Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Saleha Hameed School of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Minhaj University, Lahore, Pakistan
Sana Azhar School of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Minhaj University, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v4i05.792

Keywords:

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Interleukin (IL), Campesterol (CAM), Tumor Necrotizing Factor (TNF), Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies (ACPAs), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)

Abstract

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a persistent inflammatory and autoimmune affliction, which results in significant impairment of mobility and a decline in the overall standard of living. The present therapeutic strategies for the management of RA are frequently associated with adverse reactions of notable severity. Medicinal plants containing Phytochemicals such as Campesterol, Crocetin, Nigella Sativa, and Ginkgolic Acid have been recognized as significant alternatives for the treatment of RA. This review article provides an overview of the bioactive constituent campesterol, which exhibits the capacity to regulate interleukins and immune modulation in vitro and in vivo experimental models. The current study aimed to obtain relevant academic literature about the utilization of natural products in the treatment of arthritic conditions. A systematic search strategy was employed, involving both electronic and manual efforts, to query prominent scholarly databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. 76 publications were identified through this review, with 30 being deemed eligible for inclusion. Four researchers have reported their discoveries on the efficacy of natural constituents in the management of RA through investigations In Vitro & In Vivo. Scholarly reports investigated the role of bioactive constituents of phytochemicals for RA treatment, while 15 studies In Vivo evaluated the effectiveness of Campesterol, in alleviating arthritis symptoms through their inflammatory responses and modulation of interleukin production. This review presents notable findings suggesting that Campesterol appears to be particularly effective in the expression of pro-inflammatory modulation of cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, hence posing therapeutic potential in RA management.

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