Identification Of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Isolates in Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Nontuberculous Mycobacterium in Suspected Tuberculosis Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v3i07.385Keywords:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV, sputum, Genotype, NTMAbstract
According to World Health Organization, in the global tuberculosis ranking Pakistan is in 5th position. Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium is responsible for this dreadful disease, but there are other nontuberculous mycobacteria species that could also be the possible cause of this disease. Scanty data is available on the incidence and distribution of species responsible for this infection. Local studies on non-tuberculous mycobacterium species would be of great support in targeted therapy. Methods: This study was designed to investigate the incidence and distribution of non-tuberculous mycobacteria-associated infection in pulmonary suspected tuberculosis patients. Sputum samples were processed for microscopy and culturing on Lowenstein–Jensen regardless of age and gender suspected TB patients. Positive cultures were then processed for detection of non tuberculous mycobacteria species using commercially available Geno Type Mycobacterium CM hybridization strips. Results: A total of 1560 sputum samples were tested for Mycobacteria by culturing, 215 were positive, 71 contaminated and 1274 were negative. All 215 culture positive isolates were exposed to Geno Type Mycobacterium CM kit revealed, 55 cultures as Non-tuberculous mycobacteria and 160 as Mycobacterium complex. Adults between aged 40 to 60 years and male were predominantly (61.81%) infected than females (38.18%). Conclusions: Scanty data is available about the contributions of non tuberculous mycobacteria to tuberculosis-like disease, and noteworthy geographical distribution, clinical and molecular epidemiology-related knowledge gaps exist in the areas with a high burden of disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria from clinical specimens should promptly be evaluated for their clinical significance.
References
Schuenemann VJ, Avanzi C, Krause-Kyora B, Seitz A, Herbig A, Inskip S, et al. Ancient genomes reveal a high diversity of Mycobacterium leprae in medieval Europe. PLoS pathogens. 2018 May; 14(5): e1006997. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006997
Winthrop KL, Marras TK, Adjemian J, Zhang H, Wang P, Zhang Q. Incidence and prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in a large US managed care health plan, 2008–2015. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2020 Feb; 17(2): 178-85. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201804-236OC
Griffith DE. Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease: An Introduction and Historical Perspective. In Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease. Humana Press. 2019: (1-14).doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-93473-0_1
Johansen MD, Herrmann JL, Kremer L. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria and the rise of Mycobacterium abscessus. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2020 Jul; 18(7): 392-407. doi: 10.1038/s41579-020-0331-1
Mulholland CV, Shockey AC, Aung HL, Cursons RT, O’Toole RF, Gautam SS, et al. Dispersal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by historical European trade in the South Pacific. Frontiers in microbiology. 2019 Dec; 10: 2778. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02778
Donoghue HD. Tuberculosis and leprosy associated with historical human population movements in Europe and beyond–an overview based on mycobacterial ancient DNA. Annals of human biology. 2019 Feb; 46(2): 120-8. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2019.1624822
Ding LW, LAI CC, Lee LN, Hsueh PR. Disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria in a university hospital in Taiwan, 1997–2003. Epidemiology & Infection. 2006 Oct; 134(5): 1060-7. doi: 10.1017/S0950268805005698
Khanum T, Rasool SA, Ajaz M, Khan AI. Isolation-drug resistance profile and molecular characterization of indigenous typical and atypical mycobacteria. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2011 Oct 1; 24(4): 527-32.
Martín-Casabona N, Bahrmand AR, Bennedsen J, Østergaard Thomsen V, Curcio M, Fauville-Dufaux M, et al. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria: patterns of isolation. A multi-country retrospective survey. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2004 Oct; 8(10): 1186-93.
Aliyu G, El-Kamary SS, Abimiku AL, Brown C, Tracy K, Hungerford L, et al. Prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections among tuberculosis suspects in Nigeria. PloS one. 2013 May; 8(5): e63170. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063170
Koch A and Mizrahi V. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Trends in microbiology. 2018 Jun 1; 26(6): 555-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.02.012
Nasiri MJ, Dabiri H, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Hashemi Shahraki A. Prevalence of non-tuberculosis mycobacterial infections among tuberculosis suspects in Iran: systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one. 2015 Jun; 10(6): e0129073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129073
Turenne CY, Collins DM, Alexander DC, Behr MA. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. avium subsp. avium are independently evolved pathogenic clones of a much broader group of M. avium organisms. Journal of bacteriology. 2008 Apr; 190(7): 2479-87. doi: 10.1128/JB.01691-07
Luetkemeyer AF, Kendall MA, Wu X, Lourenço MC, Jentsch U, Swindells S, et al. Evaluation of two line probe assays for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance, and non-TB Mycobacteria in HIV-infected individuals with suspected TB. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2014 Apr; 52(4): 1052-9. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02639-13
Hector JS, Pang YI, Mazurek GH, Zhang Y, Brown BA, Wallace Jr RJ. Large restriction fragment patterns of genomic Mycobacterium fortuitum DNA as strain-specific markers and their use in epidemiologic investigation of four nosocomial outbreaks. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 1992 May; 30(5): 1250-5. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.5.1250-1255.1992
Arnow PM, Bakir M, Thompson K, Bova JL. Endemic contamination of clinical specimens by Mycobacterium gordonae. Clinical infectious diseases. 2000 Aug ; 31(2): 472-6. doi: 10.1086/313940
Blossom DB, Kallen AJ, Patel PR, Elward A, Robinson L, Gao G, et al. Outbreak of adverse reactions associated with contaminated heparin. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008 Dec; 359(25): 2674-84. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0806450
Henkle E, Aksamit T, Barker A, Daley CL, Griffith D, Leitman P, et al. Patient-centered research priorities for pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection. An NTM Research Consortium Workshop Report. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2016 Sep; 13(9): S379-84. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201605-387WS
Honda JR, Alper S, Bai X, Chan ED. Acquired and genetic host susceptibility factors and microbial pathogenic factors that predispose to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Current opinion in immunology. 2018 Oct; 54: 66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.06.001
Hu C, Huang L, Cai M, Wang W, Shi X, Chen W. Characterization of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in Nanjing district of China. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2019 Dec; 19(1): 1-8. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4412-6
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and all the published articles / items are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For comments